K-12 education refers to the educational system in many countries that includes kindergarten through 12th grade. This system typically encompasses elementary, middle, and high school education and is mandatory for children in most regions. K-12 education focuses on providing a comprehensive and well-rounded education to students, covering a wide range of subjects including math, science, language arts, social studies, and more. The goal of K-12 education is to prepare students for higher education or the workforce by developing their academic knowledge, critical thinking skills, and social and emotional development. Researchers in K-12 education often study various aspects of the educational system, such as curriculum development, teaching methods, student assessment, educational technology, classroom management, and more. Their studies aim to improve the quality of education provided to students and address challenges within the K-12 education system.